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对１５３例恶性血液病（ＨＭ）医院感染（ＮＩ）回顾性调查表明ＨＭ的医院感染率（ＮＩＲ）５２．９％。ＮＩＲ粒细胞缺乏组（粒缺组）８７．２％，非粒细胞缺乏组（非粒缺组）４１．２％（Ｐ＜０．００５）；因ＮＩ死亡人数粒缺组６例，非粒缺组１例（Ｐ＜０．００５）；ＮＩ患者人均感染粒缺组１９．２ｄ，比非粒缺组多１０ｄ（Ｐ＜０．００１）。急性白血病（ＡＬ）与淋巴瘤的ＮＩＲ经ｘ２检验Ｐ＞０．０５，ＨＭ患者肝炎病毒携带与否其ＮＩＲ差异无统计学检验显著意义。粒细胞缺乏是ＨＭ患者发生ＮＩ主要危险因素，提高功能完善的粒细胞数是防治ＨＭ的ＮＩ关键之一。
A retrospective survey of 153 hospitalized patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) showed a 52.9% nomenclature for HM in hospital. In NIR group, 87.2% in non-granulocyte group and 41.2% in non-granulocyte group (P <0.005) 1 patient in the absence group (P <0.005). NI patients were 19.2 days longer than the non-deficient group (P <0.001). NIR of acute leukemia (AL) and lymphoma was x2 test (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in NIR between patients with HM and with or without hepatitis B virus infection. The lack of agranulocytosis is a major risk factor for NI in patients with HM, and improving the number of fully functional granulocytes is one of the key factors in the prevention and treatment of HM.