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用互易法测量扬声器的灵数度有很多优点:测量可以不在消声室内进行,不需要自由声场的条件,只要求本底噪声不很高的一般房间即可。用互易法测量,只需用普通的正弦信号源和电压表各一台即可进行。本文结合扬声器的机电转换特性,推导出用互易法测量扬声器灵敏度的公式,提出了切实可行的测量方法,并通过大量试验,验证了这一方法的可行性和正确性。用互易法和粉噪法测量扬声器的灵敏度,两者之间的误差在±0.8dB以内。文中还给出了几种常用扬声器的互易测量条件及互易参数,介绍了互易系数μ值的确定和μ值的修正方法。用互易法测量扬声器的灵敏度,为那些没有消声室和声学测量仪器的扬声器生产厂及整机厂提供了一种简便易行的测量方法,也可为制作立体声音箱选择等响扬声器单元提供了测量方法。
There are many advantages to using the reciprocity method to measure the psychic number of the loudspeaker: the measurement can not be performed in the anechoic chamber, the condition of free acoustic field is not required, and only the general room with low background noise is required. Reciprocal method of measurement, simply use an ordinary sine source and voltmeter each can be carried out. Based on the electromechanical conversion characteristics of the loudspeaker, this paper deduces the formula of measuring the sensitivity of the loudspeaker by the reciprocal method and puts forward the practical measurement method. The feasibility and correctness of this method are verified through a large number of experiments. The reciprocity method and pink noise method to measure the sensitivity of the speaker, the error between the two within ± 0.8dB. In this paper, the reciprocity conditions and reciprocity parameters of several commonly used loudspeakers are also given. The method of determining the value of reciprocity μ and the method of correcting μ are introduced. Using reciprocity to measure loudspeaker sensitivity provides a simple and easy way for loudspeaker manufacturers and OEMs without anechoic rooms and acoustic measuring instruments to provide loudspeaker options such as stereo speaker selection The measurement method.