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集成电路正以每3年集成度翻两翻的速度发展,1990年电路线宽已达到0.3μm,本世纪末电路的线宽将只有0.1μm,而0.1μm被认为是现有电子元件的极限,再细下去它便失去赖以工作的基础。因为电子和光子一样,具有波粒二象性。当它所处的空间较大时,波动的性质可以被忽略,电子可以作为粒子看待;当它所处的空间很小,例如,线宽在0.1μm以下时,电子的波动性质便不能忽略,而呈现出各种量子效应。但是,现在的电子元件都是基于电子是一种粒子来
Integrated circuits are being developed at a rate of doubling every three years. In 1990, the circuit width reached 0.3μm. The circuit width of the circuit will be only 0.1μm at the end of this century, while 0.1μm is considered the limit of existing electronic components. Further down it will lose the basis of work. Because electrons are the same as photons, they have wave-particle duality. When the space in which it is located is large, the nature of the fluctuations can be ignored and the electrons can be viewed as particles. When the space in which it is located is small, for example, when the line width is below 0.1 μm, the fluctuation property of electrons can not be neglected, And presents a variety of quantum effects. However, today’s electronic components are based on the fact that electrons are particles