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The third-generation mobile system,or Universal Mobile Telecommunication System(UMTS),offers IP-based multimedia applications and services with end-to -end QoS guarantee.To support end-to-end QoS,the UMTS IP Multimedia Subsystem(IMS) network should be scalable,reliable and flexible for interconnection with other UMTS IMS networks.End-to-end QoS requirements have prompted operators and the 3 GPP group to consider QoS provision in a multi-domain environment.In this tutorial,two scenarios are discussed for UE-UE connection via interconnected IMS networks.The first involves the transit of control and user traffic through the same intermediate network. The transit of control and user traffic through different intermediate networks shall be described in the second scenario.