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20世纪中后期,西方政党与社会关系发生了深刻变化,传统的政党结盟理论的解释力越来越受到挑战。对此,西方一些学者提出了再结盟和解盟的分析框架。这两种分析框架存在单向解释和静态解释等缺陷。为此,我们可以尝试提出一种复合结盟的分析框架来解释这一变化。与传统结盟关系相比,复合结盟关系具有弱关系、开放性、技术依赖、局部动员、层级结构等特点。复合结盟关系出现的原因主要体现在中间选民的大量出现、媒体政治的兴起、后物质主义价值观的传播以及政党的政治输出功能弱化等方面。复合结盟策略使得政党在政治竞争中更具有优势,然而,这一策略却在一定程度上导致了代议政治的失效和技术政治的泛滥。复合结盟模式实际上是介于传统结盟模式与再结盟和解盟模式之间的中间状态或变动状态,它在未来会成为西方政党应对政治社会关系变迁的一种主流模式。
In the middle and later twenties of the 20th century, profound changes have taken place in the relations between the western political parties and the society, and the explanatory power of the traditional party alignment theory has been increasingly challenged. In response, some scholars in the west have proposed the analytical framework of the alliance and the alliance. These two kinds of analysis framework exist one-way explanation and static explanation and other defects. To this end, we can try to come up with a composite alliance analysis framework to explain this change. Compared with the traditional allied relationship, the compound allied relationship has the characteristics of weak relations, openness, technical dependence, partial mobilization and hierarchical structure. The reasons for the emergence of the compound alliance are mainly reflected in the large number of middle voters, the rise of media politics, the spread of post-materialist values and the weakening of the political output function of political parties. The compound alliance strategy makes the political parties have more advantages in the political competition. However, this strategy has to some extent led to the failure of representative politics and the proliferation of technical politics. The compound alliance model is actually a middle state or a change state between the traditional alliance model and the alliance and alliance model and it will become the mainstream model that the western political parties will deal with the change of political and social relations in the future.