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在包含国有企业和民营企业的混合寡占市场下,分析政府通过环境税进行环境规制时,国有企业和民营企业所采取的产品生产策略和污染治理R&D投资策略的最优选择。研究结果表明:当企业只进行生产决策、不进行污染治理R&D投资决策时,国有企业与民营企业在面临环境税政策时降低产品生产总量,致使民营企业在市场上处于劣势,但环境规制的加强会削弱国有企业在市场上的生产优势;当企业同时进行生产决策和污染治理R&D投资决策时,政府的环境规制政策会抑制民营企业的产品生产,污染治理R&D投资呈现先上升后下降的倒“U”型趋势,而国有企业不仅会增加产品的产量,还会加强污染治理R&D投资,环境规制更有利于国有企业生产,并增加国有企业污染治理的R&D投资;国有企业和民营企业面临环境规制时是否进行污染治理投资,不仅受环境规制强度的影响,还受到市场自由度的影响。政府应根据各行业企业的异质性把握好环境规制强度,施行配套政策,促使企业兼顾污染治理投资决策。
Under the mixed oligopolistic market including state-owned enterprises and private-owned enterprises, the optimal choice of product production strategy and pollution control R & D investment strategy adopted by state-owned enterprises and private-owned enterprises when the government implements environmental regulation through environmental tax is analyzed. The results show that when enterprises only make production decisions and do not make R & D investment decisions on pollution control, SOEs and private enterprises reduce the total amount of products they produce in the face of environmental tax policies, resulting in that private enterprises are at a disadvantage in the market. However, Strengthening will weaken the production superiority of the state-owned enterprises in the market. When the enterprises make both R & D decisions on production and pollution control, the government’s environmental regulatory policies will curb the production of private-owned enterprises. R & D investment in pollution control will first increase and then decrease State-owned enterprises will not only increase the output of their products, but also increase investment in pollution control R & D. The environmental regulation will be more conducive to the production of state-owned enterprises and will increase R & D investment in the pollution control of state-owned enterprises. State-owned and private enterprises In the face of environmental regulation whether pollution control investment, not only by the intensity of environmental regulation, but also by the impact of market freedom. The government should grasp the intensity of environmental regulation according to the heterogeneity of enterprises in various industries and implement supporting policies to encourage enterprises to take into account investment decisions on pollution control.