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近年来,随着“古今中西”问题再度热化和政治哲学的日益流行,学人对于西方政治思想史的探究也不断深化。在《利维坦》一书中,霍布斯主要给我们带来了人类、国家、基督教体系的国家、黑暗的王国等方面的理论成果,其中洛克在吸收借鉴这些思想的基础上,在《政府论》中进一步提出了自己的见解。本文试图从自然法和社会契约论、人民自由两个方面分析比较他们的思想,探讨霍布斯和洛克理论在思想史上的意义和缺陷。
In recent years, as the issue of “ancient and modern China and the West” heated up again and the political philosophy became more and more popular, scholars’ inquiry into the history of Western political thought continued to deepen. In Leviathan’s book, Hobbes mainly brought us theoretical results in the fields of mankind, the state, the Christian system, the Kingdom of Darkness, etc. Among them, Locke, drawing on these ideas for reference, Government theory "further put forward their own views. This article tries to analyze and compare their thoughts from two aspects of natural law, social contract and people’s freedom, and probe into the significance and defects of Hobbes and Locke’s theory in the history of thoughts.