论文部分内容阅读
目的了解本溪市初诊肺结核患者抗酸杆菌检出情况,探讨影响痰涂片抗酸杆菌阳性检出率的因素。方法采用萋尼氏抗酸染色进行涂片、染色、镜检,统计分析2009-2012年初诊肺结核患者的痰涂片检查结果。结果本溪市2009-2012年的初诊肺结核患者抗酸结核菌阳性率分别为30.3%,25.8%,20.5%,18.0%,各年间涂阳率的差异有统计学意义(χ12=13.49,χ22=54.84,χ32=7.68,P值均<0.01)。涂阳检出率4年间合格标本构成比逐年降低,不合格标本逐年增高。不同性状标本的阳性检出率不同,干酪痰为58.3%,血痰为24.8%,黏液痰为28.8%,唾液痰为3.8%。不同性状痰标本阳性检出率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=2614.28,P<0.01),阳性检出率干酪痰>黏液痰>血痰>唾液痰。结论痰标本质量直接影响痰涂片结果,应加强对医务人员的培训和对患者的宣传,提高痰标本的质量,以提高阳性检出率。
Objective To understand the detection of acid-fast bacilli in newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Benxi City and explore the factors affecting the positive detection rate of acid-fast bacilli in sputum smear. Methods Anti-acid staining with Niger smear, staining, microscopic examination, statistical analysis of sputum smear examination results of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in 2009-2012. Results The positive rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Benxi City from 2009 to 2012 was 30.3%, 25.8%, 20.5% and 18.0%, respectively. There was significant difference in the smear positive rate between years (χ12 = 13.49, χ22 = 54.84 , χ32 = 7.68, P <0.01). The detection rate of smear positive 4 years, the proportion of qualified samples decreased year by year, non-conforming specimens increased year by year. The positive detection rate of different traits specimens were different, with 58.3% of sputum of sputum, 24.8% of sputum of sputum, 28.8% of sputum of mucus and 3.8% of sputum of sputum. The positive rate of sputum samples with different traits was significantly different (χ2 = 2614.28, P <0.01). The positive detection rate was sputum of sputum> mucous sputum> bloody sputum> salivary sputum. Conclusion Sputum quality directly affects sputum smear results. Training of medical staff and promotion of patients should be strengthened to improve the quality of sputum samples so as to improve the positive detection rate.