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为探讨小柴胡汤对鼠肝纤维化的抑制作用，腹腔分别注射二甲基亚硝基胺和猪血清复制两种肝纤维化动物模型。预防和治疗性投与小柴胡汤可促进肝维生素A含量恢复，降低肝胶原含量和明显抑制肝前α－Ⅰ型胶原的基因表达。同时免疫组化染色证实小柴胡杨可显著减少Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原在肝脏沉积和明显减少α-平滑肌原纤维阳性的伊东细胞（ItoCell）的数目。结果显示小柴胡汤可防治鼠肝纤维化的发生与发展。
To investigate the inhibitory effect of Xiao Chai Hu Tang on hepatic fibrosis in rats, two models of liver fibrosis were replicated by intraperitoneal injection of dimethylnitrosamine and pig serum. Prevention and therapeutic administration of Xiaochaihu Decoction can promote the recovery of hepatic vitamin A content, reduce hepatic collagen content and significantly inhibit the expression of hepatic pre-alpha-I collagen. At the same time, immunohistochemical staining confirmed that Populus xiaoiensis significantly reduced the number of type I and type III collagen in the liver and markedly reduced the number of Ito cells with positive α-smooth muscle fibrils. The results showed that Xiaochaihu Decoction can prevent and treat liver fibrosis in rats.