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研究了热处理工艺对满足欧洲标准要求的不同直径的高速列车用51CrV4弹簧钢的显微组织及力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,在450~500℃范围内回火后,微观组织均为回火马氏体。随着回火温度的升高,弹簧钢的硬度和强度逐渐下降,塑性和冲击值均略有提高。断口的SEM观察表明,随着回火温度的升高,裂纹的扩展路径更加曲折,表明其塑性逐渐提高。在本文的热处理条件下,不同直径钢弹簧材料的力学性能均能满足EN13298标准要求。
The effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 51CrV4 spring steel for high speed trains of different diameters that meet the European standards were studied. The results show that after tempering in the range of 450 ~ 500 ℃, the microstructure is tempered martensite. With the tempering temperature increases, the hardness and strength of the spring steel gradually decreased, plasticity and impact values are slightly increased. The SEM observation of the fracture shows that the crack propagation path is more tortuous with the increase of tempering temperature, indicating that the plasticity of the fracture increases gradually. Under the condition of heat treatment in this paper, the mechanical properties of different diameter steel spring materials can meet the requirements of EN13298 standard.