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研究了W-Ni-Cr系高比重合金的硬度和机械性能。这些合金的硬度较一般合金高得多(Hv值高达600,而W-Ni-Fe合金的Hv值为310)。该合金系的机械性能,按合金成分可分为截然不同的二类:一类是铬镍比(Cr:Ni)低的——塑性较好,硬度略高;另一类是铬镍比高的——硬度高,抗张强度低,几乎没有塑性。为了解释W-Ni-Cr系合金的这种性质,本文确定了该合金系相图的1250℃截面图,证明了三元σ脆性相的存在。延性-脆性转变界限与有σ相的相区边界相对应。对σ相稳定性的研究表明,不可能用简单的热处理消除σ相。在高硬度的合金中,添加第四组元不能阻止σ相生成。
The hardness and mechanical properties of W-Ni-Cr alloy with high specific gravity were studied. The hardness of these alloys is much higher than the average alloy (Hv value of up to 600, while W-Ni-Fe alloy Hv value of 310). The mechanical properties of the alloy system, according to alloy composition can be divided into two distinct categories: one is chromium-nickel ratio (Cr: Ni) low - good plasticity, slightly higher hardness; the other is the chromium-nickel ratio - High hardness, low tensile strength, almost no plasticity. In order to explain this property of W-Ni-Cr alloy, a cross-sectional view at 1250 ℃ of the phase diagram of the alloy was confirmed in this paper, and the existence of the brittle phase of the ternary σ was proved. The ductile-brittle transition limits correspond to the phase boundaries with σ phase. Studies of the stability of the sigma phase show that it is not possible to eliminate the sigma phase with a simple heat treatment. In high-hardness alloys, the addition of the fourth component can not prevent sigma-phase formation.