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目的:观察马血清致敏后乙醇灌胃对鸡股骨头的影响。方法:取64只9月龄健康雄性三黄鸡随机分为4组,每组16只。A组:马血清+乙醇组;B组:单纯乙醇组;C组:单纯马血清组;D组:空白对照组。于灌胃第4、8周末分批处死,取肝脏及股骨头制作病理切片,观察组织学变化。结果:灌胃8周时,A组肝细胞内出现脂肪空泡,小叶中央区受累明显。4组大体形态无明显变化。光镜下,A组病理改变主要集中在股骨头软骨下区,髓内造血组织减少。4周时,脂肪细胞增多,骨小梁面积分数稍降低,与其他3组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);空骨陷窝计数增多,与其他3组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。8周时,股骨头软骨下骨小梁变细、稀疏甚至断裂,髓内脂肪组织增多。最大脂肪细胞平均直径增大、骨小梁面积分数降低、空骨陷窝计数增多,与其他3组相比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论:鸡可以作为乙醇性股骨头坏死动物模型的研究对象,在马血清致敏条件下可缩短实验周期。
Objective: To observe the effect of ethanol ingestion on the femoral head of chicken after horse serum sensitization. Methods: Sixty-four healthy male Sanhuang yellow chickens aged 9 months were randomly divided into 4 groups with 16 rats in each group. Group A: horse serum + ethanol group; Group B: simple ethanol group; Group C: simple horse serum group; Group D: blank control group. At the end of the 4th and 8th weeks after gavage, rats were sacrificed in batches and pathological sections were taken from the liver and femoral head to observe the histological changes. Results: At 8 weeks after gavage, fat vacuoles appeared in group A hepatocytes, and the central lobular area was significantly affected. No significant changes in the general morphology of the 4 groups. Light microscope, A group of pathological changes mainly in the femoral head subchondral, intramedullary hematopoietic tissue decreased. Compared with the other three groups, there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The number of empty laryngeal fossa increased, compared with the other three groups, the difference was statistically significant Significance (P <0.01). At 8 weeks, the subchondral trabecular bone of the femoral head became thinner, sparse or even broken, and the intramedullary adipose tissue increased. The mean diameter of the largest adipocytes increased, the trabecular area decreased, and the number of empty lacunae increased. Compared with the other three groups, the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.01). Conclusion: Chicken can be used as animal model of ethanol-induced necrosis of the femoral head in the horse serum-sensitized conditions can shorten the experimental period.