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对非物质文化遗产进行保护现已取得共识,但是在当前的思维框架下,以法律的手段、特别是知识产权法的手段对保护对象进行调控,以何种方式保护、如何具有针对性和可操作性保护却成为摆在法学工作者面前的亟待解决的课题。在对非物质文化遗产进行法学研究的过程中,由于其他学科门类研究形成的多种在先定义和研究对象的自身属性,使得研究对象名称和定义混乱。在法学研究者的面前,诸如世界遗产、文化遗产、文物、传统文化表达,民间文艺表达,民俗文化等互相交叉衔接的概念是和法学的严谨治学精神相矛盾的。因此,厘清研究对象的内涵,确立严谨的概念界定,研究对象的外延,从法学研究的角度进行探讨、比较,并对“非物质文化遗产”的法律保护提出建议是本文的意义所在。
The protection of intangible cultural heritage has now reached a consensus, but in the current framework of thinking, how to regulate, protect and how to protect the object of protection by means of law, especially intellectual property law? Operational protection has become an urgent issue to be placed before legal practitioners. In the process of carrying out legal research on intangible cultural heritage, the names and definitions of research subjects are confused due to a variety of prior definitions and research objects’ self-attributes formed by other disciplinary categories. In front of legal researchers, the notions of world heritage, cultural heritage, cultural relics, traditional cultural expressions, folklore and folklore are mutually contradictory to the rigorous scholarship of law. Therefore, to clarify the connotation of the object of study, to establish a rigorous definition of the concept, the extension of the object of study, to explore and compare from the perspective of jurisprudence, and to make recommendations on the legal protection of the “Intangible Cultural Heritage” is the significance of this article.