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二十世纪初年,中国进入了一个政治大变动的时期,实现政治近代化的课题日益迫切地摆在了面前。实现什么样的政治近代化?怎样实现政治近代化?其时,革命派的民主共和、立宪派的议会制君主立宪制和清政府的二元制君主立宪制这三个方案的矛盾斗争,构成了清末政治的主要内容。探索这三个方案的形成、内容实质以及各自的结局,有助于我们认识辛亥革命的必然性和中国实现政治近代化的艰难历程。
In the early twentieth century, China entered a period of great political change and the issue of political modernization has become increasingly eagerly placed before us. What kind of political modernization? How to achieve political modernization? At that time, the revolutionary republican democracy, constitutional parliamentary constitutional monarchy and the Qing government’s binary constitutional monarchy, the three programs of the contradictions and conflicts constitute the politics of the late Qing Dynasty The main content. To explore the formation of these three programs, the essence of the content and their respective outcomes help us understand the inevitability of the 1911 Revolution and the difficult course of China’s political modernization.