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一、国内外对生态补偿的探索及研究在对生态补偿的实践探索与研究方面,一些发达国家走在了中国的前面。它们对生态补偿以及生态补偿机制的基本概念、基本原理、运行机制、方法途径、政策法规等都有比较深入和系统的阐述。19世纪60年代,美国开始推行“土壤银行”计划,引导农场主退耕一部分土地用于土壤保护,给予一定的补助。1965年又实施了退耕休耕的生态补贴。美国、德国等发达国家已初步建立了生态服务付费的政策框架,形成了直接的一对一交易、公共补
First, domestic and foreign exploration and research on ecological compensation In the practice of ecological compensation exploration and research, some developed countries walk in front of China. They have a more in-depth and systematic exposition of the basic concepts, basic principles, operational mechanisms, method approaches, policies and regulations of ecological compensation and ecological compensation mechanisms. In the 1860s, the United States began to implement the “Soil Bank” plan, which led farmers to rebuild some of the land for soil conservation and give some subsidies. In 1965, another ecological subsidy for returning farmland to fallow was implemented. Developed countries such as the United States and Germany have initially established a policy framework for payment of ecological services and formed direct one-on-one transactions, with public subsidies