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一引言初中化学“氧化物、碱、酸、盐”一章主要的教学任务是: 通过介绍几种在国民经济上有重要意义的化合物,根据原子-分子学说使学生正确的形成关于氧化物、碱、酸、盐各类物质的概念以及了解其相互反应关系。在形成这些概念的过程中使学生体会到如何进行科学上的概括,从而逐步培养学生的逻辑思维能力。由于这些概念对初中学生来说全是新的,要想先了解其中一类物质,必然要牵涉到另一类甚至于另外几类物质。因此氧化物、碱、酸、盐不论哪一类物质的完整概念也不可能一次就建立起来。所以在编写和讲授这部分教材时,除去概念本身的正确性和可接受性外,对讲授的顺序即如何使学生形成这些概念的方法的逻辑系统还必须予以充分的考虑。
I. INTRODUCTION The main teaching task of the chapter “Oxides, Alkaloids, Acids and Salts” in junior high school is to introduce several kinds of compounds of national importance in the national economy according to the theory of atom and molecule so as to enable students to correctly form a series of reports on oxides, Alkali, acid, salt, the concept of various types of material as well as to understand their mutual reaction. In forming these concepts in the process so that students understand how to make a scientific summary, so as to gradually develop students’ logical thinking ability. As these concepts are entirely new to junior high school students, one must first learn about one of them, and the other must inevitably be involved, and even a few others. Therefore, the complete concept of oxide, alkali, acid and salt no matter what kind of material can not be established once. Therefore, in writing and teaching this part of the textbook, in addition to the correctness and acceptability of the concept itself, the logic system of how to teach students how to form these concepts must also be fully considered.