为分析外源GA4解除果梅花芽休眠的生理效应,以高需冷量果梅品种“丰后”为试材,于果梅树体自然休眠期多次采集枝条,研究不同浓度GA4处理和质量分数为1%的外源H2O2处理对人工气候室内水培枝条萌芽率和H2O2及抗氧化相关酶类活性的影响。结果表明,GA4200μM处理的萌芽率明显高于质量分数为1%的H2O2处理和对照,1%H2O2对休眠解除效果不明显;GA4处理的最佳浓度为200μM,最佳处理时期为元旦前后;在GA4处理促进果梅在休眠解除期间,其花芽内的H2O2和相关抗氧化酶发生规律性变化,其中,H2O2含量在果梅花芽休眠解除时达到峰值,并且,促进H2O2产生的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性也在此时达到峰值。过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)具有清除H2O2的作用,二者的活性分别在H2O2含量到达峰值之前和到达峰值之时受到抑制。总之,基于对H2O2可能在休眠解除期间作为信号物质的认识,根据这些酶的含量变化推测GA4打破果梅花芽休眠可能通过抗氧化酶系统调控H2O2含量的变化来对休眠解除起作用。 In order to analyze the physiological effects of exogenous GA4 on the dormancy of plum flower buds, high-yielding plum varieties “Feng-feng” were used as materials to collect the branches in the natural dormant period of Prunus mume in order to study the effects of different concentrations of GA4 treatment and mass fraction 1% exogenous H2O2 treatment on the germination rate of hydroponic branches and the activities of H2O2 and antioxidase related enzymes in hydroponic branches indoors. The results showed that the germination rate of GA4200μM treatment was significantly higher than that of 1% H2O2 treatment and control, 1% H2O2 had no obvious effect on dormancy release; The optimal concentration of GA4 treatment was 200μM, the best treatment time was around New Year’s Day; GA4 treatment promoted the regular changes of H2O2 and related antioxidant enzymes in flower buds during dormancy release, in which the content of H2O2 peaked at dormancy release of fruit buds, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) ) Activity also peaked at this time. Catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) have the ability of scavenging H2O2. The activity of both is inhibited before and at the peak of H2O2 content. In conclusion, based on the understanding that H2O2 may serve as a signal substance during dormancy release, it is inferred that GA4 breaks dormancy of fruit buds through controlling the changes of H2O2 content by antioxidative enzyme system to play a role in dormancy release.