论文部分内容阅读
目的通过回顾性分析,研究术后镇痛治疗中的神经、精神系统障碍等不良反应与使用镇痛镇静药物及其他因素之间的关系,从而确定适合口腔颌面外科手术后的镇痛镇静药物。方法统计分析4 372例术后应用镇痛治疗中59例所发生的不同不良反应(精神异常、锥体外系征、恶心呕吐)与应用不同镇痛镇静配伍药物之间的关系。结果芬太尼+氟哌啶组及吗啡+氟哌啶组在较年轻的正颌整形外科手术患者术后出现明显的锥体外系征等不良反应,吗啡配伍氟哌啶组在老年显微血管外科患者的精神异常发生率明显高于其他组。单纯吗啡组、曲马朵组恶心呕吐率增加,给予昂丹司琼等对症治疗后无后遗症发生。结论术后合理应用镇痛镇静药物及抗恶心呕吐等药物可以减少不良反应的发生。
Objective To investigate the relationship between the analgesic and sedative drugs and other factors by retrospective analysis of the adverse reactions such as neurological and psychiatric disorders in the postoperative analgesic therapy to determine the analgesic and sedative drugs suitable for oral and maxillofacial surgery . Methods Statistical analysis of 4 372 cases of postoperative analgesia in the treatment of 59 cases of adverse reactions (mental disorders, extrapyramidal symptoms, nausea and vomiting) and the application of different analgesic sedative compatibility between the drug. Results The fentanyl + haloperidol group and the morphine + haloperidol group showed obvious extrapyramidal symptoms after the operation in the younger orthognathic plastic surgery patients. Morphine compatibility with haloperidol group in the elderly microvascular The incidence of psychiatric abnormalities was significantly higher in surgical patients than in other groups. Simple morphine group, tramadol group increased nausea and vomiting, giving symptomatic treatment ondansetron and other sequelae. Conclusion The rational application of analgesic sedative drugs and anti-nausea vomiting and other drugs can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.