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目的了解2013年西安市城区儿童超重/肥胖的发病情况,为制定有效的干预措施提供理论依据。方法采取整群分层随机抽样法抽取西安市城区0~6岁儿童10 374名,其中男童5 498名,女童4 876名。以2007年WHO推荐的身高别体重肥胖标准作为诊断超重和肥胖的指标。将2013年西安市城区0~6岁儿童的超重/肥胖发生率与2005年全国标准进行比较。结果2013年西安市城区0~6岁儿童的超重发生率为16.87%,肥胖发生率为8.18%。5 498名男童中,超重1 008例,发生率为18.33%,肥胖491例,发生率为8.93%;4 876名女童中,超重742例,发生率为15.22%,肥胖358例,发生率为7.34%,男童超重/肥胖发生率均显著高于女童,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=17.898,P<0.05;χ2=8.677,P<0.05)。3岁~组与5岁~组男童超重发生率显著高于女童(χ2=19.696,P<0.05;χ2=11.756,P<0.05)。4岁~组、5岁~组、6~7岁组男童肥胖发生率显著高于女童(χ2=9.022,P<0.05;χ2=6.885,P<0.05;χ2=5.976,P<0.05)。与2005年全国同年龄段儿童相比,西安市2岁~组、4岁~组、5岁~组、6~7岁组儿童超重发生率均显著低于全国水平,0岁~组和1岁~组儿童肥胖发生率显著高于全国水平。西安市城区0~6岁儿童超重总发生率显著低于全国水平,肥胖总发生率显著高于全国水平,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=50.515,P<0.05;χ2=13.552,P<0.05)。结论西安市城区0~6岁儿童超重/肥胖发生率较高,制定预防儿童超重/肥胖的有效干预措施势在必行。
Objective To understand the incidence of overweight / obesity among children in urban area of Xi’an in 2013 and to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of effective interventions. Methods A total of 10 374 children aged 0 ~ 6 years old were enrolled in the study, including 5 498 boys and 4 876 girls. According to the 2007 WHO recommended body fat and weight-loss criteria as an indicator of overweight and obesity. The prevalence of overweight / obesity in children aged 0 ~ 6 years old in urban area of Xi’an in 2013 was compared with the national standard in 2005. Results In 2013, the prevalence of overweight among children aged 0-6 years in urban area of Xi’an was 16.87% and the incidence of obesity was 8.18%. Of the 5 498 boys, over 1,008 were overweight, with an incidence rate of 18.33% and 491 cases of obesity, with a prevalence of 8.93%. Out of 4,876 girls, 742 were overweight, with a prevalence of 15.22% and 358 with obesity Was 7.34%. The incidence of overweight / obesity in boys was significantly higher than that in girls (χ2 = 17.898, P <0.05; χ2 = 8.677, P <0.05). The prevalence of overweight in boys aged 3 years to 5 years was significantly higher than that in girls (χ2 = 19.696, P <0.05; χ2 = 11.756, P <0.05). The prevalence of obesity in boys aged 4 to 5 years and in groups of 6 to 7 years old was significantly higher than that of girls (χ2 = 9.022, P <0.05; χ2 = 6.885, P <0.05; χ2 = 5.976, P <0.05). Compared with children of the same age in 2005 in China, the prevalence of overweight in children aged 2 to 4 years old, 5 years old and 6 to 7 years old in Xi’an was significantly lower than that of the whole country The incidence of obesity in children aged ~ group was significantly higher than the national level. The total incidence of overweight in children aged 0-6 years in Xi’an urban area was significantly lower than the national average level, the total incidence of obesity was significantly higher than the national level (χ2 = 50.515, P <0.05; χ2 = 13.552, P <0.05 ). Conclusion The prevalence of overweight / obesity in children aged 0 ~ 6 in urban area of Xi’an City is relatively high. Effective interventions to prevent overweight / obesity in children are imperative.