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目的分析潍坊地区24~71个月学龄前儿童城乡间的龋病流行情况和原因,为针对性开展儿童口腔保健工作提供依据。方法 2014年随机抽样抽取潍坊地区20个幼儿园(城乡各半)的24~71个月儿童2 829名(城市儿童1 373名,农村儿童1 456名)进行口腔健康检查,比较不同年龄组低龄儿童龋(ECC)、重度低龄儿童龋(S-ECC)流行情况和龋均在城乡间和性别间的差异;并针对喂养行为和口腔卫生习惯与龋病流行情况的关系进行问卷调查。结果潍坊地区24~71个月儿童ECC患病率为53.3%,龋均为2.12。不同年龄组儿童ECC患病率在城乡间和性别间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。龋均在不同年龄、性别间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但城乡间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。喂养行为和口腔卫生习惯对ECC、S-ECC和龋均有影响(P<0.01)。结论 2014年潍坊地区24~71个月儿童的口腔健康状况仍较差,而且喂养行为和口腔卫生习惯均与龋病的发生存在密切关系。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and causes of dental caries among urban and rural children aged 24-71 months in Weifang, and to provide the basis for targeted oral health care in children. Methods A total of 2 829 children (1 373 from urban areas and 1 456 from rural areas) aged 24 to 71 months from 20 kindergartens (half of urban and rural areas) in Weifang District were randomly selected for oral health examination in 2014. Older children of different age groups Caries (ECC), prevalence of dental caries (S-ECC) and caries among urban and rural areas were analyzed. Questionnaire was also conducted on the relationship between feeding behavior and dental hygiene and dental caries prevalence. Results The prevalence of ECC in children aged 24-71 months in Weifang was 53.3%, and the caries was 2.12. The prevalence of ECC in children of different age groups was significantly different between urban and rural areas and between sexes (P <0.01). Caries were all at different ages and gender differences were statistically significant (P <0.05), but no significant difference between urban and rural areas (P> 0.05). Feeding practices and oral hygiene habits had an impact on ECC, S-ECC and caries (P <0.01). Conclusion The oral health status of children aged 24-71 months in Weifang in 2014 is still poor, and the behaviors of feeding and oral hygiene are closely related to the occurrence of dental caries.