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目的分析云南省蚊虫分布特点及其与流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)等虫媒病毒的关系,为防制提供依据。方法在云南省农村居民区住房、畜圈和野外竹林等生境捕蚊。结果采获成年雌蚊10属88种158909只,以库蚊、按蚊和伊蚊属蚊虫数量最多,分别占56.66%、25.35%和13.88%。在捕蚊总数中,居民区夜间捕获成蚊7属63种132081只,其中三带喙库蚊的构成比最高(42.12%);其次为中华按蚊(23.31%);野外白天捕获成蚊5属48种26828只,白纹伊蚊构成比最高(31.89%),其次为圆斑伊蚊(20.21%)。对8属29种3957批131538只雌性成蚊进行病毒分离,结果从5属17种蚊虫体内分离到乙脑病毒81株,以库蚊分离出的毒株最多(59株),占72.84%;其次为按蚊8株(9.88%)和伊蚊9株(占11.11%);曼蚊和阿蚊均为2株(各占2.47%)。分离到乙脑病毒最多的蚊种为三带喙库蚊(27株),占分离毒株总数的33.33%。结论居民区夜间活动蚊虫群落的优势种为三带喙库蚊、中华按蚊、棕头库蚊、霜背库蚊、伪杂鳞库蚊和迷走按蚊;野外白天活动蚊虫群落的优势种为白纹伊蚊、伪白纹伊蚊、圆斑伊蚊、骚扰阿蚊和刺扰伊蚊。三带喙库蚊和白纹伊蚊分别是云南省乙脑和登革热的主要传播媒介。
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of mosquitoes in Yunnan Province and its relationship with Arbovirus such as Japanese encephalitis (JE) and provide basis for prevention and control. Methods In the rural residential area of Yunnan Province, housing, livestock and bamboo groves and other wild habitat. Results A total of 158909 88 species were found in 10 genera of adult female mosquitoes, of which Culex pipiens, Anopheles mosquitoes and Aedes mosquitoes accounted for 56.66%, 25.35% and 13.88% respectively. Among the total number of mosquitoes, the residential area captured 13,2081 mosquitoes belonging to 7 genera and 63 species at night, among which the constituent ratio of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the highest (42.12%), followed by Anopheles sinensis (23.31%), and adult mosquitoes It belongs to 48 species of 26828, Aedes albopictus constitute the highest (31.89%), followed by Aedes albopictus (20.21%). Viruses were isolated from 131538 females of 2957 batches in 29 genera of 29 species in 8 genera. Results 81 strains of JE were isolated from 17 mosquitoes of 5 genera, and the majority of them were isolated (59.8%), accounting for 72.84%. Followed by 8 anopheles mosquitoes (9.88%) and 9 mosquitoes (11.11%); 2 mosquitoes and 2 mosquitoes (2.47% each). The mosquito species isolated from JE virus was Culex tritaeniorhynchus (27 strains), accounting for 33.33% of the total isolates. Conclusion The predominant species of mosquito community at night in residential areas are Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles sinensis, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex pipiens palletiorum and Culex pipiens palletii, dominant species of mosquito community in daytime Aedes albopictus, Aedes albopictus, Aedes albopictus, Aedes albopictus and Aedes albopictus. Three Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Aedes albopictus are the main vectors for transmission of Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever in Yunnan Province.