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针对现有VSP速度分析方法不能较好满足成像需要的现状,将地面地震中等效偏移距的概念引入到VSP中,提出了适合VSP的等效偏移距的定义公式,并相应的给出了VSP的共散射点道集的形成原理和步骤,以及通过这种道集进行速度分析的流程.通过模型资料和实际资料的试验表明,这种道集有更大的覆盖次数和更高的偏移距范围,其速度不受地层倾角的影响,可以适应斜井等其他的垂直观测系统.因而利用VSP的共散射点道集能和地面地震一样进行速度分析,为VSP等垂直接收的地震提供一种有效的速度分析手段,具有较好的应用前景.
Aiming at the current situation that the existing VSP velocity analysis method can not meet the needs of imaging well, the concept of equivalent offset in surface earthquakes is introduced into VSP, and the definition formula of equivalent offset suitable for VSP is proposed and correspondingly given The formation principle and steps of the VSP’s co-scatter point gathers and the flow of speed analysis through the gathers are shown.Experimental results of the model and actual data show that the gathers have greater coverage and higher Offset range, its velocity is not affected by the dip of the stratum, and it can adapt to other vertical observation systems such as deviated wells. Therefore, the VSP’s co-scatter point gathers can conduct the same velocity analysis as ground-based earthquakes. Provide an effective means of speed analysis, has a good application prospects.