回顾入世近一年来的情况,中国政府认真履行了入世承诺,其中很重要的一项就是政府职能的转变。如从国务院到地方政府行政审批项目的减少,政策透明度的提高等。这既是入世的需要,也是政府改革的需要,更是市场经济的需要。从传统的计划经济向市场经济转变的过程中,源自高度集权的计划经济的政府是经济运行的“万能中心”的观点已被实践证明行不通。因此,改变政府行为机制成了所有社会主义国家经济改革中最重要的内容。一、经济运行中政府行为的理论认识对经济运行中的政府行为,一般有四个观点:(一)政府是经济运行的“守夜人”。以亚当·斯密为代表的古典经济学派提出了“政府应无为而治”的自由放任学说,提倡自由放任的思想,充分发挥市场“看不见的手”的作用。反对政府对经济活动的干预,认为政府的作用主要是保护财产,具体地说,就是保卫本国不受他国侵犯,保护社会成员的财产和人身不受他人 Reviewing the situation in the past year since the accession to the WTO, the Chinese government has conscientiously fulfilled its WTO commitments. An important one of these is the transformation of government functions. Such as the reduction of administrative examination and approval projects from the State Council to local governments and the improvement of policy transparency. This is not only the need of joining the WTO, but also the need of the government reform. It is even more necessary for a market economy. From the traditional planned economy to the market economy in the process of transition from a highly centralized planned economy, the government is the economic operation of the “universal center” point of view has been proved not feasible. Therefore, changing the government behavior mechanism has become the most important part of the economic reform in all socialist countries. First, the theoretical understanding of the behavior of the government in the economic operation of the government in the economic operation of the general four-point view: (a) the government is the economic operation of the “night watchman.” The classic school of economics represented by Adam Smith put forward the theory of laissez-faire that “the government should rule by doing nothing”, advocating laissez-faire thinking and giving full play to the role of market “invisible hand.” Opposed to the government’s intervention in economic activities, the government believes that the government’s role is mainly to protect property. Specifically, it is to safeguard its own country from being infringed upon by other countries and to protect the property of members of society and to protect themselves from others