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空间交会对接是载人航天工程非常重要的基本技术。在介绍空间交会对接技术发展历史和中国首次交会对接取得圆满成功的基础上,阐述了空间交会对接技术的基本概念、技术难点、控制方式和交会对接过程,并着重介绍了四种交会对接机构的特点。最后介绍了中国首次交会对接任务规划、天宫一号目标飞行器和神舟八号飞船的特点以及两次空间交会对接过程。
Space rendezvous and docking is a very important basic technology in manned space project. On the basis of introducing the development history of space rendezvous and docking technology and the successful conclusion of China’s first rendezvous and docking, this paper expounds the basic concepts, technical difficulties, control methods and rendezvous and docking process of docking rendezvous and docking, and emphatically introduces the four rendezvous and docking mechanisms Features. Finally, it introduces the characteristics of China’s first rendezvous and docking mission planning, the design of the Tiangong-1 target aircraft and the Shenzhou-8 spacecraft, and the docking process of the two space rendezvous.