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一、前言农用土壤改良剂,大致可分为无机质、有机质、高分子合成物质三类,施于土壤旨在改善其物理的、化学的、物理化学的及生物学的性质,它在农业生产上可起很大作用。现在市场上出售的土壤改良剂按其分类及用途列入表1。其中合成高分子土壤改良剂的作用是将土壤颗粒粘结起来,使土壤结构由单粒变成团粒。另外。它使土壤胶体表面具有疏水性。使土壤透气性和透水性改善,但尚未发现有使土壤保水性提高的作用。最近,美国农部合成了能吸水为自重的数百倍的吸水性很强的高分子化合物(以下略称为吸水聚合体)。目前,生理卫生用品、废纸、尿布、破抹布等都可以加以利用。表2所列各种吸水聚合体是具有离子性电解
I. INTRODUCTION Agricultural soil improvers can be divided into three categories: inorganic, organic and polymer. They are applied to soil to improve their physical, chemical, physicochemical and biological properties. They are used in agricultural production Can play a big role. Soil conditioner currently on the market is listed in Table 1 according to its classification and use. One of the role of synthetic polymer soil improver is the soil particles bonded together, the soil structure from a single into a group of particles. In addition. It makes the soil colloidal surface hydrophobic. Permeability and permeability of the soil to improve, but has not yet found to increase soil water retention. Recently, USDA synthesized a highly water-absorbent polymer compound (hereinafter referred to as a water-absorbing polymer) capable of absorbing water several hundred times its own weight. At present, sanitary products, waste paper, diapers, rags, etc. can be used. The various water-absorbing polymers listed in Table 2 have ionic electrolytes