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目的通过对珠三角经济发达地区中学学生膳食营养结构的调查,为探讨营养不良的控制对策提供科学依据。方法采用记账法于2008年3月1日~3月31日对广东南海石门中学学生食堂各类食物的人日均消费量及主要营养素摄入量进行统计分析。结果各类食物中,畜禽肉类和蛋类人日均消费量超过中国营养协会推荐量的平均值,谷类、瓜菜类只达到推荐量的68.3%和64.6%;总热能摄入量只有推荐量的74.4%,其中三大营养素的产热比例,脂肪和动物蛋白的热比超过40%,碳水化合物的热比小于55%。结论广东南海石门中学学生膳食消费模式属“富裕型”膳食消费模式;膳食结构属高脂高蛋白低碳水化合物低膳食纤维饮食结构;在经济发达地区,学生膳食营养改善应以营养结构合理化干预为主。
Objective To investigate the nutrition structure of middle school students in economically developed areas in the Pearl River Delta and provide a scientific basis for discussing the control measures of malnutrition. Methods The bookkeeping method was used to conduct a statistical analysis of the average daily consumption and the intake of major nutrients of all kinds of food in Shimen Middle School Students’ Canteen in Guangdong Nanhai from March 1 to March 31, 2008. Results The average daily consumption of livestock, poultry, meat and eggs in all kinds of foods exceeded the average recommended by the China Nutrition Association, while cereals and melons only reached the recommended levels of 68.3% and 64.6%. The total energy intake was only The recommended amount of 74.4%, of which the proportion of the three major nutrients heating, fat and animal protein than 40% of the heat, carbohydrate heat ratio of less than 55%. Conclusion The meal consumption pattern of Shimen middle school students in Nanhai is a “rich” dietary pattern; the dietary pattern is a dietary structure of high fat, low protein and low carbohydrate dietary fiber. In economically developed areas, dietary nutrition improvement should be rationalized by nutrition structure Intervention mainly.