革命的进步的文学总是在同反动的落后的文学的斗争中向前发展的。“五四”和第一次国内革命战争时期,文艺思想方面的主要战线有两条:一是跟新文学的正面敌人封建复古派的斗争,一是跟新文学统一战线的右翼、后来分裂出去的买办文人胡适派的斗争。这两条战线,都跟当时政治上和文化上的斗争息息相关。对封建复古派的斗争,可以分为两个阶段。在“五四”以前是第一阶段。首先打出复古旗号反对新文学的代表人物是林纾。林纾早年用文言文译介了不少西方小说,有一点名气。他自附于桐城派,属于钱玄同斥骂的“桐城谬种”。胡适的《文学改良刍议》刚发表,他就写了《论古文之不当废》来反对,可又讲不出道理,只道:“吾识其理,乃不能道其所以然,此则嗜古者之癖也。”胡适在《寄陈独秀》中讥讽他说:“林先生为古 The revolutionary progressive literature is always moving forward in the struggle against reactionary and backward literature. During the May Fourth Movement and the first Revolutionary Civil War, there were two main fronts in the field of literary thought: the struggle against the feudalist faction of the front enemy of new literature, the struggle with the right wing of the new literature united front and the subsequent division The comprador writers Hu Shi faction struggle. Both fronts are closely linked with the political and cultural struggle of that time. The fight against the feudalist faction can be divided into two stages. It was the first stage before the May 4th Movement. First of all, the icon of anti-new literary style is Lin Shu. Lin Shu used early literary translation of many Western novels, a little fame. He attached himself to the Tongcheng School, belonging to Qian Xuanong scolding the “Tongcheng fallacy.” Hu Shi’s “Opinion on the Improvement of Literature” had just been published. He just wrote the article “On the Improper Use of Ancient Chinese Texts” to oppose it. However, he can not speak any truth, saying only: “I know its reason but I can not say why. Who also addiction. ”Hu Shi ridiculed him in“ Send Chen Duxiu ”and said:" Mr. Lin is an ancient