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美国的战争决策程序相对简单战争决策程序是国家权力运行机制的反映。它既描绘了战争决策的基本流程,还明确了战争决策的必需手续和环节。美国自建国以来,经过大大小小近百场战争,已经形成了相对成熟的战争决策组织模式、制度安排和运作方式。依据美国宪法,其战争决策的程序并非布鲁克斯所言那样复杂。美国宪法基于“分权”的原则,把有关战争的宣战权、拨款权赋予了国会,有关军队的统率权和政策制定权赋予了总统。对国会和总统两个决策主体而言,基本的决策程序主要有“先请示国会再做决定”和“先做决定再报告国会”两种形式。
The U.S. decision-making process on the war is relatively simple. The decision-making process in the war is a reflection of the operating mechanism of state power. It not only depicts the basic process of war decision-making, but also defines the necessary procedures and links in war decision-making. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the United States has formed a relatively mature pattern of war decision-making organizations, institutional arrangements and modes of operation through nearly 100 wars of all sizes, large and small. According to the U.S. Constitution, the procedure for making decisions on the war is not as complicated as Brooks puts it. The United States Constitution, based on the principle of “separation of powers,” gave the Congress the right to declare war on the war and allocate funds for the war, and gave the president the right to control and make decisions about the military. For the two main body of decision-making of the parliament and the president, the basic decision-making process mainly includes two forms: “first ask the parliament to make a decision” and “make a decision first and report to the parliament.”