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油菜蕾、花、莢脫落和阴莢(无效莢)問題,据近几年来全国各地对胜利油菜研究的报道,花、荚脫落(下簡称脫落)和阴莢数,常占花器总数的30—60%,是油菜生产上普遍存在的問題。产生脫落和阴莢的原因是多方面的,一般認为,与品种生物学特性、气象和营养条件、栽培技术等等都有密切关系。油菜是我省主要油料作物,一般年份花、莢脫落和阴莢发生亦相当严重,怎样克服和減輕脫落和阴莢的发生,从而提高油菜产量,是当前研究工作一个迫切任务。目前省外研究多偏重于甘兰型油菜,对生产上普遍栽培的白菜型油菜研究的还不多。为此我們特用白菜型油菜为材料,于1961—1962年在合肥安徽省农业科学院作物研究所进行这一研究,希望通过研究,逐步找出規律,查明原因,提出相应的防止措施,供生产上参考。現将研究結果初报如下:
Rape buds, flowers, pods and pod (ineffective pod) problem. According to the reports on the study of victuals of rape throughout the country in recent years, flower, pod shedding (hereinafter referred to as shedding) -60%, is a common problem in rapeseed production. There are many reasons for shedding and podding. It is generally believed that there are close relationships with the biological characteristics of species, meteorological and nutritional conditions, cultivation techniques and so on. Rape is the main oilseed crop in our province. The flowers, pods and pods are quite serious in the general years. It is an urgent task to research how to overcome and reduce the occurrence of shedding and shade pods and increase the yield of rape. At present, more emphasis on the province outside the study of Brassica napus, the production of cabbage-type rape cultivation generally not much research. To this end, we use cabbage rape as material, in 1961-1962 in Hefei Institute of Crop Sciences, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences conducted this study, hope that through research, and gradually identify the law to identify the causes, put forward appropriate preventive measures for Production reference. The results of the first report is as follows: