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设 计不同氮 、磷供应 量和不同 施肥深 度，对 小麦／ 大豆 间套 农田 土 壤水 分 时空 分布 进行了 研究。试 验得出： 间套农田 土壤含水 量由于 受灌 溉的 调节 表现 出明 显 的时 间 变异 性和 分布非 均衡性， 但不同土 层土壤含 水量也 表现出明 显的层 次性，即从 上到下 土壤含水 量变异系 数呈幂 函数递 减趋势。 两种作物 共生期间 ，小麦处 于竞 争优 势位 ，其 行间 水 分消 耗较 多， 而小 麦收获 以后，大 豆行间土 壤含水量 下降更 甚，间套作 农田土 壤含水量 不同时 段表现出 的这种水 平变化 特征，有 利于 Ｗ Ｕ Ｅ 的提 高。供 磷使０ ～６０ｃ ｍ 土层土 壤含 水量下 降了 ３ ．８ ％ ～１２ ．６ ％ ，又使表 层土壤 含水量提 高了５ ．８ ％ ～１０４ ．９ ％ ，肥 料深施和 合理的 Ｎ 、 Ｐ 配施 可促进 间套作物 地上冠生 长，增加 地面覆盖 度，减轻 棵间蒸发 ，提高土 壤表层含 水量。同 时，促根 效应也使 深层水 分不断 补充到 上层，促进 根系、养 分、水分 的三位一 体，达到 三元协调 、水肥耦 合的效果 。
The spatial and temporal distribution of soil moisture in wheat / soybean intercropping farmland was studied with different nitrogen and phosphorus supplies and different fertilization depths. The results showed that the soil water content of the intercropped farmland showed obvious temporal variability and uneven distribution due to the regulation of irrigation. However, the soil moisture content of different soil layers also showed obvious gradation, that is, Water variation coefficient showed a decreasing trend of power function. During the symbiosis of the two crops, wheat is in a competitive position and consumes more water among its rows. After harvesting, the soil moisture in the rows of soybeans dropped even more. The soil water content of the intercropping fields showed this level during different periods of time Changes in characteristics, is conducive to the improvement of W U E. Phosphorus decreased the soil water content of 0 ~ 60 cm soil layer by 3. 8% ~ 12. 6%, and the surface soil moisture has increased by 5. 8% ~ 104. 9%. The deep fertilization and rational N and P fertilization can promote the growth of intercropping crop crown, increase the ground coverage, reduce the evaporation between trees and increase the surface water content of soil. At the same time, the root-cause effect also makes the deep water continuously replenished to the upper strata and promotes the trinity of root system, nutrient and water to achieve the effect of ternary coordination and water-fertilizer coupling.