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目的:近期研究表明美国不同州之间存在持续性健康差异。该篇论文通过新的各个州的数据库和计量经济学方法,提供了关于社会经济因素和人口健康之间的关联的最新评估。方法:资料来源于美国50个州和哥伦比亚地区的多个部门。因变量为年龄调整后的多因素死亡率,自我评估健康状况以及健康天数。用计量经济学方法来分析各州之间的具体情况。结果:每千人口医生人数每增加一名,死亡率就会降低30/100000。医生/人口比值对自我评估健康状况的影响是多方面的。社会经济状况,地理状况,以及吸烟和肥胖等因素都会对死亡率及自我健康评估产生影响。结论:医生数量和低死亡率之间的关联表明应该继续努力增加和激励低服务水平地区医生的供应。降低不同地区之间健康差异的政策和策略应考虑社会的,经济的以及个人风险等综合因素。
PURPOSE: Recent studies show that there are persistent health differences between different states in the United States. The paper provides a state-of-the-art assessment of the link between socio-economic factors and population health through new state-owned databases and econometric methods. Methodology: Data from multiple departments in 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. The dependent variables were age-adjusted multi-factor mortality, self-assessment of health and number of days of health. Using econometrics to analyze the specific conditions between states. As a result, for every increase in the number of physicians per 1,000 population, the mortality rate is reduced by 30/100000. The impact of doctor / population ratio on self-assessment of health status is manifold. Factors such as socio-economic status, geography, and smoking and obesity can have an impact on mortality and self-assessment. Conclusion: The correlation between the number of physicians and low mortality shows that efforts should continue to increase and motivate the supply of physicians in lower service levels. Policies and strategies to reduce health disparities between regions should take into account social, economic, and personal risks.