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目的了解2012年新疆和田地区法定管理新发传染病疫情和流行特点,为控制疫情提供科学依据。方法利用2012年新疆和田地区七县一市各类医疗卫生机构法定管理新发传染病的报告资料,用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2012年新疆和田地区共报告法定管理新发传染病12 673例,年发病率614.25/10万,较2011年发病率(57 874/10万)上升6.14%,死亡77例,年死亡率3.73/10万,较2011年死亡率(2.53/10万)上升47.43%;每月均有新发传染病报告,无明显季节性;职业以农民为主占66.04%,男女性别比为1.01∶1;肺结核仍占首位,梅毒病例数有大幅度升高,艾滋病较2011年上升7.8倍,疫苗相关疾病发病仍维持在较高水平。结论新疆和田地区肺结核流行严重、血源性及性传播疾病发病人数快速增长,已成为当今和田地区重大公共卫生问题,急需尽快积极应对并做好处理。
Objective To understand the statutory management of the epidemic and epidemic characteristics of newly-issued infectious diseases in Hetian, Xinjiang in 2012 and provide a scientific basis for controlling the epidemic. Methods The report of statutory management of newly emerging infectious diseases by all kinds of medical and health institutions in seven counties and one city in 2012 in Hetian area of Xinjiang was used for statistical analysis by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 12 673 new infectious diseases were legally administered in Hetian, Xinjiang in 2012, with an annual incidence of 614.25 / 100 000, an increase of 6.14% from the 2011 incidence of 57 874/10 million. There were 77 deaths and an annual mortality of 3.73 / 100,000 population, an increase of 47.43% over the mortality rate of 2.53 / 100,000 in 2011. There are new reports of infectious diseases every month, with no obvious seasonal features. The main occupations are peasants, accounting for 66.04% and the male-to-female ratio is 1.01: 1 ; Tuberculosis still accounts for the first place, the number of syphilis cases has risen sharply, AIDS increased 7.8 times over 2011, the incidence of vaccine-related diseases remained at a high level. Conclusion The prevalence of tuberculosis and the rapid increase of blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases in the Hetian area of Xinjiang have become a major public health problem in the Hetian area. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to deal with it promptly and urgently.