目的了解吉林省地方性氟中毒防治状况,总结经验,发现问题,为制定新的防治对策提供科学依据。方法按照中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病项目工作方案要求,在未改水病区屯采集东、西、南、北、中5个方位饮用水样,检测氟含量;在已改水病区调查改水工程管理、使用情况并采集水源水和末梢水样检测氟含量;调查部分病区16岁以上人群Ⅱ度及Ⅱ度以上地方性氟骨症检出率。饮水氟含量检测用氟离子选择电极法,氟骨症诊断按现行标准进行。结果在未改水病区或虽已改水但防氟井损坏而仍饮用小井水的病区屯共调查了2 101个病区屯,采集水样10 505份。饮水氟含量在0.1～10.0 mg/L之间。超过1.0 mg/L的病区为1 493个(71.1%)。在4个地区的3 164个病区屯中,有1 407个病区已改水,改水率占被调查病区数的44.5%,其中,能够正常使用的为776个防氟井,正常使用率为55.2%,有173个水氟含量超过1.0 mg/L,占正常使用井数的22.3%。超标井水氟含量最高可达4.0 mg/L。调查了663个病区屯中Ⅱ度及Ⅱ度以上地方性氟中毒病人患病情况。结果显示,调查屯II度以上地方性氟中毒病人较以前减少58.1%。结论截至2006年,我省多数病区尚未改水。在未改水病区,约1/3屯水氟含量在1.0 mg/L以下。现有防氟井因损坏和管理不善而未使用以及部分正在使用的防氟井水氟含量超标制约了防治效果。今后应完善管理制度,加大管理力度,提高防病改水效益;随时掌握病情变化,为调整、制定防治对策提供科学依据。同时加强健康教育、增强病区群众防病意识,这是在我省最终控制地方性氟中毒的必要措施。 Objective To understand the status of prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis in Jilin Province, summarize the experience, find out the problems and provide a scientific basis for formulating new prevention and control measures. Methods In accordance with the work plan of endemic diseases of special funds for public health provided by the central government, drinking water samples were collected from five directions of east, west, south, north and north in the unmodified water areas for detection of fluorine content. Change the water management and use of the project and collect water samples and peripheral water samples to detect fluoride content; investigate the detection rate of ¢ òand ¢ ò above endemic ¢ ñof skeletal fluorosis in some patients over 16 years old in some wards. Determination of fluoride content of drinking water fluoride ion selective electrode method, fluorosis diagnosis according to the current standards. Results A total of 2 101 ward villages were surveyed in the ward areas that were not affected by the water diversion disease or those that had been changed water but were not damaged by fluoride wells but were still drinking small wells. A total of 10 505 water samples were collected. Water fluoride content of 0.1 ~ 10.0 mg / L between. Wounds of more than 1.0 mg / L were 1 493 (71.1%). Of the 3 164 wards in 4 districts, 1 407 wards have been changed to water, accounting for 44.5% of the total number of wards investigated. Of these, 776 are suitable for normal use. Normal The utilization rate was 55.2%, and the water content of 173 water exceeded 1.0 mg / L, accounting for 22.3% of the normal use wells. Excessive well water fluorine content up to 4.0 mg / L. The prevalence of endemic fluorosis in grade II and grade II in 663 ward areas was investigated. The results showed that surveyed patients with endemic fluorosis at level II above were 58.1% less than before. Conclusion As of 2006, most of the wards in our province have not changed water yet. In the non-water-affected areas, about 1/3 Tuen fluoride content below 1.0 mg / L. Existing anti-fluorine wells due to damage and mismanagement but not used, and some are being used fluorine-containing well water content exceeding the control effect of prevention and control. In the future, we should improve the management system, intensify management and improve the benefits of disease prevention and water improvement; keep abreast of changes in the disease so as to provide a scientific basis for adjustment and formulation of prevention and control measures. At the same time, we should strengthen health education and enhance people’s awareness of disease prevention in ward areas. This is a necessary measure for the ultimate control of endemic fluorosis in our province.