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辽河油田稠油脱水现状是稠油含沥青质、胶质较多,粘度较高,流动性差,而且原油中含0.8～0.9%的机械杂质。稠油目前大多采用注蒸汽开采,在蒸汽热采过程中,极易吸附在油水界面上形成一层粘稠的厚膜,这层厚膜会阻止水滴的凝聚,从而形成稳定的油包水乳状液,导致稠油脱水十分困难。目前辽河油田联合站对稠油的主要脱水方法为掺稀油加热降粘脱水,具体又分为:电脱—热化学沉降脱水工艺,热化学沉降-电脱脱水工艺,热化学沉降脱水工艺。这些脱水工艺具有各自的优缺点,因此找到一种既能保证稠油的脱水质量,又能降低能量消耗的方法,显得十分必要。
The current situation of heavy oil dehydration in Liaohe Oilfield is that heavy oil contains asphaltene, more gum, higher viscosity and poor fluidity, and contains 0.8% to 0.9% of mechanical impurities in crude oil. At present, most heavy oil injection steam injection is adopted. During the steam thermal recovery process, it is easy to adsorb on the oil-water interface to form a thick thick film which will prevent the aggregation of water droplets and thus form a stable water-in-oil emulsion Liquid, resulting in heavy oil dehydration is very difficult. At present, the main dehydration method of heavy oil in the joint station of Liaohe Oilfield is that the viscosity-reducing and dewatering by blending dilute oil is divided into electric de-thermochemical settling dewatering, thermochemical settling-electro-dewatering and thermo-chemical precipitation dewatering. These dewatering processes have their own advantages and disadvantages, so it is necessary to find a way to ensure the quality of heavy oil dehydration, but also reduce energy consumption.