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目的探讨膳食中钙、磷以及奶制品的摄入量对骨密度及骨盐含量的影响,为研究骨质疏松的预防提供相关线索和依据。方法在广州市越秀区农林街社区发放传单招募调查对象,并采用自编的结构化标准问卷,对320名广州绝经后妇女的膳食习惯进行调查,并测量其全身、股骨全身、股骨颈、股骨干、大粗隆、Ward’s三角以及腰锥1～4的骨密度和骨量,采用多因素逐步回归分析探讨膳食钙、磷及奶制品对骨盐含量及骨密度的影响。结果 320名调查对象平均57.1岁,平均绝经年限7.3年,平均每天摄入钙、磷及奶制品分别为822 mg、949 mg和126 g,平均全身骨密度为1.054 g/cm2,磷与7个部位的骨密度及骨盐含量呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。随着磷摄入量增加,全身及腰锥1～4骨密度增加,偏回归系数值分别为0.121和0.184 g.(cm2)-1.g-1.d-1。随着奶制品摄入量增加,股骨全身、股骨干骨密度也相应增加,骨密度偏回归系数值分别为0.686、0.841mg.(cm2)-1.g-1.d-1。钙与全身、股骨全身、股骨颈、大粗隆、股骨干和Ward’s三角的BMC具有正相关性,而在钙与BMD关系中,钙只与股骨全身、大粗隆和股骨干呈正相关性,且每日膳食中每增加100 g钙的摄入量,则股骨全身、大粗隆、股骨干的骨密度相应增加5.3、4.8和7.6 g/cm2。结论增加膳食中钙、磷以及奶制品的摄入量有利于绝经后妇女的骨盐含量及骨密度的提高。
Objective To investigate the effects of intake of dietary calcium, phosphorus and dairy products on bone mineral density and bone salt content, and to provide clues and basis for the study on prevention of osteoporosis. Methods Flyers were recruited from Nonglin Street community in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City. The structured questionnaires were used to investigate the dietary habits of 320 postmenopausal women in Guangzhou. The body, femoral neck, femoral neck, Bone mass, greater trochanter, Ward’s triangle and lumbar cones 1 ~ 4 bone mineral density and bone mass, multi-factor regression analysis of dietary calcium, phosphorus and dairy products on bone salt content and bone mineral density. Results The average of 320 subjects was 57.1 years with an average of 7.3 years of menopause. The average daily intake of calcium, phosphorus and dairy products were 822 mg, 949 mg and 126 g, respectively. The average BMD was 1.054 g / cm 2. Phosphorus and 7 Site of bone mineral density and bone salt content was positively correlated (P <0.05). With the increase of phosphorus intake, the BMD of the whole body and the lumbar cones increased from 1 to 4, and the partial regression coefficients were 0.121 and 0.184 g (cm2) -1.g-1.d-1, respectively. With the increase of milk product intake, the total femur and femur bone mineral density also increased accordingly, and the partial regression coefficients of bone mineral density were 0.686,0.841mg. (Cm2) -1.g-1.d-1. Calcium has a positive correlation with BMC in whole body, femoral neck, femoral neck, greater trochanter, femoral shaft and Ward’s triangle. However, in the relationship between calcium and BMD, calcium has a positive correlation with whole femur, greater trochanter and femoral shaft, And for every 100 g of calcium intake in a daily diet, the BMD of the whole femur, greater trochanter, and femoral shaft increased by 5.3, 4.8 and 7.6 g / cm 2, respectively. Conclusion Increasing dietary intake of calcium, phosphorus and dairy products is beneficial to the increase of bone salt content and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.