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改善农村面源污染,推动农业废弃物资源化利用是环保新常态下我国农业可持续发展与生态经济建设的重要目标。基于湖北省调研数据,遵循“单因素—多因素”分析路径,采用Probit模型,分析农户将农膜、育苗袋以及农药包装物等农业生产性废弃物弃置于农田的行为,探讨其主要的影响因素。结果表明,仅有17.75%的农户会将废旧农膜、育苗袋、农药包装物收集起来卖给收购企业或回收站,其余大部分受访农户选择丢弃,更有12.75%的农户明确表示他们习惯性地将这类农业生产性废弃物随手弃置田间或耕地周边,甚至混入秸秆、畜禽粪便进行堆腐还田处理。实证分析结果表明,农户弃置行为主要受到是否加入农民专业合作社、村庄是否有废弃物集中处理设施、到最近公路的平均距离、土地质量变化、水质变化、是否参加生态农业培训以及务农时间投入等因素的影响。基于此,应积极培育农民专业合作社,加强村庄基础设施和交通设施建设,开展生态农业相关培训,强化农户环保意识,并建立相关监督制约机制,从而降低农户弃置行为发生的概率,有效改善农村生态环境。
Improving rural non-point source pollution and promoting the utilization of agricultural waste are the important goals of China’s agricultural sustainable development and eco-economic construction under the new normal of environmental protection. Based on the survey data in Hubei Province and following the “single factor - multiple factor” analysis path, Probit model was used to analyze the behavior of farmers in disposing agricultural productive waste such as plastic sheeting, nursery bags and pesticide packaging in farmland and discussing the main The impact of factors. The results showed that only 17.75% of farmers will collect waste plastic sheeting, nursery bags, pesticide packaging collected and sold to the acquisition business or recycling station, most of the remaining surveyed households choose to discard, more 12.75% of farmers explicitly stated that they are accustomed to These types of agricultural production wastes are readily disposed of in the fields or in the vicinity of cultivated land, or even mixed with straw and livestock manure for composting and returning to fields. The results of empirical analysis show that the farmers’ abandonment behaviors are mainly affected by the factors such as whether to join the farmer cooperatives, whether the villages have the centralized disposal facilities of waste, the average distance of the nearest highway, the change of the land quality, the change of water quality, whether to participate in ecological agriculture training, Impact. Based on this, we should actively cultivate farmer cooperatives, strengthen the construction of village infrastructure and transport facilities, carry out ecological agriculture-related training, strengthen farmers ’awareness of environmental protection and establish relevant supervision and restriction mechanisms so as to reduce the probability of farmers’ abandonment behaviors and effectively improve rural ecology surroundings.