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目的:探讨经输尿管镜用于输尿管结石的治疗方法及效果。方法:选取2015年6月至2016年6月,贵州医科大学第三附属医院院泌尿外科80例输尿管结石患者,对其采用输尿管镜碎石、取石等治疗方式。于1个月后回访调查,统计输尿管镜手术成功率、手术并发症发生率等;对比治疗前后,输尿管结石主要症状变化情况。结果:80例患者主要症状表现为:绞痛、排尿困难;腹胀、恶心、呕吐、血尿等,多数患者为两种以上症状并存。经输尿管镜取出结石63例,成功率78.8%;其中,中下段结石68例,成功取出结石57例,成功率83.8%。患者术中输尿管穿孔4例,输尿管黏膜撕脱2例,术后并发症7.5%。结论:输尿管镜用于输尿管结石治疗,可准确取石、碎石,提高了临床治疗的针对性。通过输尿管导管设置之后,选用直接进镜法操作,手术完成之后,留置输尿管导管,全面提高了临床手术的成功率,控制并发症发生率。经过输尿管镜治疗之后,绞痛、排尿异常等症状,均得到显著控制。
Objective: To explore the treatment of ureteral calculi by ureteroscopy and its effect. Methods: From June 2015 to June 2016, 80 patients with ureteral calculi in Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University were enrolled. Ureteroscopic lithotripsy and stone extraction were used to treat them. After 1 month, the patients were interviewed and the success rate of ureteroscopic surgery and the incidence of complications were compared. Before and after treatment, the main symptoms of ureteral calculi were analyzed. Results: The main symptoms of 80 patients were: colic, dysuria, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, hematuria and so on. Most patients had two or more symptoms. The stones were removed by ureteroscopy in 63 cases, the success rate of 78.8%; of which 68 cases of stone in the middle and lower, the successful removal of stones in 57 cases, the success rate of 83.8%. In patients with ureteral perforation in 4 cases, 2 cases of ureteral mucosal avulsion, postoperative complications 7.5%. Conclusion: Ureteroscopy for the treatment of ureteral calculi, accurate stone, gravel, and improve the clinical treatment of targeted. Through the ureter catheter set, the choice of direct operation into the mirror method, the operation is completed, the ureter catheter indwelling, a comprehensive clinical trial to improve the success rate and control the incidence of complications. After ureteroscopic treatment, angina, urinary abnormalities and other symptoms, have been significantly controlled.