我们于1979年对泰山脚下耕作土壤和非耕作土壤上一些常见草本植物的根系做了初步观察,发现禾本科的玉米、小麦、稗草、茅草,豆科的花生、苕子,旋花科的甘薯、牵牛以及茄科的龙葵等,具有一种在形态上相似的菌根。为了加深对这类菌根的认识,重点选择玉米进行了菌根形态观察和接种试验。 一、材料和方法 1.菌根的形态观察 将玉米植株去掉地上部,用铁铲把根系带土挖出,置水盆内浸润,再在自来水下小心冲洗干净,然后放在盛有清水的白搪瓷盘内,展开根系,比较菌根与非菌根的形态差异,观察根系感染部位和感染程度。感染程度的目测标准:0—未感染;+—少量侧根感染,++—初生根系大量感染,次生根系感染较少;+++—初生根系、次生根系均大量感染。在洗净的根系上剪取菌根根段或作徒手切 In 1979, we made preliminary observations on the root systems of some common herbaceous plants in soils and non-tillage soils at the foot of Mountain Tarzan. We found that gramineous maize, wheat, barnyardgrass, thatch grass, legume peanut, razor clam, Sweet potato, the morning glory and Solanaceae Solanum nigrum, with a morphologically similar mycorrhiza. In order to deepen the understanding of these mycorrhizae, corn was selected as the main morphological observation and inoculation test. First, the material and methods 1 morphological observation of mycorrhiza Corn plants removed above the ground, with a shovel to dig the roots with soil, set the basin infiltration, and then carefully washed under tap water, and then placed in a clear water White enamel plate, expand the root system, morphological differences between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal, root infection and observation of the extent of infection. Visual criteria of the degree of infection: 0-uninfected; + - a small amount of lateral root infection, ++ - a large number of primary root infection, secondary root infection less; +++ - primary root, secondary root are heavily infected. Cut mycorrhizal roots on a washed root or make a bare hand cut