对微生物耐药性研究的一些新发现 ,如病原菌可从有益或无害的细菌获得耐药因子 ,对耐药突变产生补偿突变来降低适应代价 ,以及耐药性选择产生的交叉适应等现象 ,使得微生物耐药性问题更加严重。近年来对微生物适应进化研究所建立的方法 ,使得在实验室人为控制的条件下对微生物耐药性的适应进化机制的研究成为可能。基于这些成果 ,我们提出了未来对微生物耐药性研究和应用的一些策略 Some of the new discoveries in microbial resistance studies include pathogenic bacteria that acquire resistance genes from beneficial or harmless bacteria, compensatory mutations that compensate for drug resistance mutations to reduce the cost of adaptation, and cross-adaptation to drug resistance options, Making the issue of microbial resistance more serious. In recent years, the method established for the study of microbial adaptive evolution has made it possible to study the mechanism of adaptation and evolution of microbial resistance under laboratory-controlled conditions. Based on these results, we propose some strategies for the future research and application of microbial resistance