砌体结构设置沉降缝的原因就是为了防止和减少不均匀沉降而引起的墙体裂缝，所以应合理选择建筑物体型和结构类型，加强整体刚度。一般在下列情况设置沉降缝：ａ．在建筑物平面形状复杂的转折部位设置沉降缝。ｂ．建筑物高度差异处；ｃ．荷载差异处；ｄ．建筑物过长；ｆ．地基 The reason for installing settlement joints in masonry structures is to prevent and reduce wall cracks caused by uneven settlement. Therefore, the building body type and structure type should be reasonably selected to enhance the overall stiffness. Settlement joints are generally set in the following situations: a. Settlement joints are provided at complex turning points in the plane of the building. b. Building height differences; c. Load difference; d. The building is too long; f. foundation