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目的分析潍坊市作为一个艾滋病低流行地区的疫情构成以及艾滋病传播现况,为艾滋病防治策略措施制定、疫情变化的预测、资源的配置和防治效果的评价提供科学依据。方法采用潍坊市疾控中心设计的《艾滋病流行病学个案调查报告》,收集历年感染者、病人的个案资料,分析潍坊市艾滋病感染人群构成和个案感染艾滋病病毒的真实年份。结果潍坊市1992-2014年累计报告艾滋病病毒感染者、病人496例,其中本地报告病例427例(占86.09%),外地报本市病例69例(占13.91%);男性369例,占74.40%;女性127例,占25.60%;汉族457例(占92.14%),其他民族39例(占7.86%);异性性接触传播236例(占47.58%),男男性接触传播193例(占38.91%),母婴传播、输血、注射吸毒等67例(占13.51%)。当年艾滋病新发病例构成比从2011年起明显逐年升高,2011-2014年新发病例构成比分别达到12.50%、16.36%、23.08%和25.44%,平均为21.25%。高中以上学历者艾滋病病毒阳性者以男男性接触传播为主,传播比例达70.33%;小学及文盲以异性性接触传播为主,传播比例达69.18%。结论潍坊市尚处于艾滋病低流行区,疫情上升迅速,新发感染率较高,性接触传播为主要传播途径,提示应进一步加强艾滋病综合防控策略,遏制艾滋病的传播流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation and the status of AIDS transmission in Weifang as an AIDS-endemic area and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of AIDS prevention and control strategies, the prediction of epidemic situation changes, the allocation of resources and the evaluation of prevention and control effects. Methods According to the “Epidemiological Case Investigation Report” designed by CDC of Weifang City, case history data of patients and patients collected over the years were collected to analyze the composition of HIV-infected people in Weifang City and the actual years of HIV-1 infection among cases. Results A total of 496 HIV-infected patients were reported in Weifang from 1992 to 2014, of which 427 (86.09%) were locally reported, 69 (13.91%) were reported to other cities in the country, and 369 were male (74.40%), ; Female 127, accounting for 25.60%; Han 457 (accounting for 92.14%), other ethnic 39 cases (accounting for 7.86%); heterosexual contact transmission of 236 cases (47.58%), ), Mother-to-child transmission, blood transfusion, injection drug abuse and other 67 cases (13.51%). The incidence of new HIV / AIDS cases in 2011 markedly increased from 2011 onwards. The proportion of newly diagnosed cases in 2011-2014 reached 12.50%, 16.36%, 23.08% and 25.44%, respectively, with an average of 21.25%. HIV-positive persons with high school education or above were mainly affected by MSM, accounting for 70.33%. Primary schools and illiterates were mainly affected by heterosexual transmission with a frequency of 69.18%. Conclusions Weifang City is still in a low-prevalence area of AIDS. The epidemic has risen rapidly with a high incidence of new infections and sexual contact as the main route of transmission. This suggests that HIV / AIDS prevention and control strategies should be further strengthened to curb the spread of AIDS.