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为了探寻连续降温对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)成鱼血清、肝脏及肌肉能量代谢等指标的影响,作者将大菱鲆从正常养殖水温18℃快速、连续降温至1℃,并在18℃、13℃、8℃、5℃、3℃和1℃共计6个温度点取血采样,分别测定血清中的总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、血糖(GLU)以及肝脏中的糖原和肌肉中的乳酸等指标。结果发现,随着温度降低,大菱鲆的血清TP浓度呈先下降后升高的趋势,各实验组与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),但在13℃和3℃之间出现显著性差异(P<0.05);血清ALB浓度则呈现升高趋势,在3℃时显著高于1℃(P<0.05);血清TC浓度呈现升高趋势,且3℃时显著高于18℃(P<0.05);GLU浓度呈先降低后升高趋势,且8℃、5℃、3℃实验组浓度显著高于其余实验组(P<0.05);尿素浓度呈先降低后升高再降低趋势,且8℃时显著高于1℃(P<0.05);肝糖原浓度呈先降低后升高趋势,且8、5、3℃实验组浓度显著高于其余实验组(P>0.05);肌肉中乳酸含量呈先升高后降低趋势,且5℃时显著高于18℃(P<0.05);其余指标则无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结果表明:当温度在18~8℃时,降温对大菱鲆体内代谢影响不大;当温度降到8~3℃时,大菱鲆体内开始出现应激反应;当温度继续降低至1℃时,大菱鲆体内的各种代谢基本处于停滞状态。综合分析各温度下的代谢指标得出结论,3~1℃温度区间与大菱鲆的生态冰温点比较接近,可以在此温度区间附近进一步进行无水保活的探索,在保证大菱鲆无水运输可行性的基础上优化经济成本。
In order to investigate the effects of continuous cooling on the serum, liver and muscle energy metabolism of adult turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), the turbot was rapidly and continuously cooled down to 18 ℃ from 18 ℃, Blood samples were collected at 6 ℃, 6 ℃, 13 ℃, 8 ℃, 5 ℃, 3 ℃ and 1 ℃ respectively for determination of serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL- , Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), blood glucose (GLU) and lactic acid in the liver glycogen and muscle. The results showed that the serum TP concentration of turbot first decreased and then increased with the decrease of temperature. There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group (P> 0.05), but significant between 13 ℃ and 3 ℃ (P <0.05). Serum ALB concentration showed an increasing trend at 1 ℃ (P <0.05), and the concentration of TC in serum showed an increasing trend at 3 ℃, which was significantly higher than that at 18 ℃ P <0.05). The concentration of GLU decreased firstly and then increased. The concentration of GLU in experimental group at 8 ℃, 5 ℃ and 3 ℃ was significantly higher than that in the other experimental groups (P <0.05). The concentration of urea decreased first and then increased and then decreased , And significantly higher than 1 ℃ (P <0.05) at 8 ℃. The concentration of hepatic glycogen firstly decreased and then increased, and the concentrations of 8, 5 and 3 ℃ groups were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P> 0.05). The content of lactate in muscle increased first and then decreased, and was significantly higher than that of 18 ℃ at 5 ℃ (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the other indexes (P> 0.05). The results showed that when the temperature was between 18 ℃ and 8 ℃, the cooling had little effect on the body metabolism of turbot. When the temperature dropped to 8 ~ 3 ℃, stress began to occur in the turbot; when the temperature continued to decrease to 1 ℃ When the turbot most of the metabolism in the body at a standstill. Comprehensive analysis of the metabolic indicators at each temperature concluded that the temperature range of 3 ~ 1 ℃ and turbot ecological ice temperature is relatively close to this temperature range can be further in the vicinity of the exploration of water conservation, to ensure turbot Optimize economic costs based on the feasibility of anhydrous transportation.