天津地处“九河下梢”,大洼棋布。涝、洼、盐、碱是影响农业生产的四大灾害。近年来,部分稻田改种旱作,不少地方盐碱回升,小麦死苗严重,产量低而不稳。 为了探明当地土壤水盐变化规律,摸索小麦保苗增产经验,为制定改土治碱、培肥土壤和均衡增产的规划提供依据,1977年我们与东郊区农林局科技站和贯庄大队共同开展了有关研究工作。 贯庄大队位于津东滨海平原,其耕地多为浅平洼地,当地称为海退地,坡降最大不超过万分之二。土质粘重,大都为重壤土至轻粘土,少数表土较粗的也只是中壤土。土体上下均粘重,仅靠土体裂隙有一定逆水性。土壤虽经多年种稻,仍含有一定可溶性盐分,若调控不当,便为害作物,影响产量。尤其是对于整个生育期处在返盐时期的小麦,危害和影响就更大,这是决定小麦产量的关键。 Tianjin is located in “Nine Rivers under the shoots”, Dawa chess cloth. Waterlogging, depression, salt and alkali are the four major disasters affecting agricultural production. In recent years, some paddy fields have been converted to dry farming. In many places, salinization has returned. The result is serious dead wheat seedlings and low and unstable yields. In order to explore the law of local soil water and salt, explore the experience of wheat seedling production, in order to develop soil improvement and alkali treatment, fertilizing soil and provide a basis for balanced production planning, in 1977 we and the East Suburbs Agriculture and Forestry Bureau Science and Technology Station and consistent Zhuang Brigade jointly The research work. Guanzhuang brigade is located in Jindong coastal plain, mostly cultivated land shallow shallow depression, known as the sea retreat, the maximum slope does not exceed two ten thousandths. Soil sticky, mostly heavy loam to light clay, a small number of coarse surface soil is only loam. The soil is sticky heavy up and down, there is a certain amount of water flow against the soil crack alone. Although the soil after years of rice, still contains some soluble salt, if not properly controlled, it will damage the crop, affecting the yield. Especially for the entire growing period of the wheat in the salt return period, the harm and impact is even greater, which is the key to determining wheat yield.