目的　探讨儿童孔源性视网膜脱离手术治疗特点及疗效。方法　对采用不同手术方法治疗的儿童孔源性视网膜脱离患者 10 8例 (116只眼 )进行临床效果分析。结果　 2 1只眼行巩膜外加压术 ,1次手术视网膜复位 19只眼 ,术后视力≥ 0 0 2者 14只眼。 97只眼行玻璃体切除术 ,1次手术视网膜复位 5 8只眼 (5 9 8% ) ,最终视网膜复位 83只眼 (85 6 % ) ,术后视力≥ 0 0 2者 6 4只眼 (6 6 0 % )。术中使用膨胀气体填充 11只眼 ,1次性视网膜复位 7只眼 ,术后视力≥ 0 0 2者 5只眼。使用硅油填充 89只眼 ,1次性视网膜复位 5 1只眼 (5 7 3 % ) ,最终视网膜复位 76只眼 (85 4% ) ,术后视力≥ 0 0 2者5 9只眼 (6 6 3% )。结论　儿童孔源性视网膜脱离的治疗首选巩膜外加压术。玻璃体切除者 ,硅油作为眼内填充物较膨胀气体具有更大的优越性。视网膜切开术是严重增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变者视网膜复位的有效方法 ,但应慎重选择手术对象。 Objective To investigate the characteristics and efficacy of surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children. Methods A total of 108 patients (116 eyes) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were treated with different surgical methods. Results 21 eyes underwent scleral buckling, 19 eyes underwent primary retinal reattachment, and 14 eyes had ≥0.02 after operation. 97 eyes underwent vitrectomy, 58 eyes (58.8%) underwent primary retinal reattachment, 83 eyes (85.6%) underwent final retinal reattachment, and 6 (6 eyes) had postoperative visual acuity ≥0.02 60%). Intraoperative inflation gas filled with 11 eyes, retinal reattachment seven eyes, postoperative visual acuity ≥ 0 0 5 eyes. Eighty-one eyes were filled with silicone oil, 51 eyes (573%) with one-time retinal reattachment, 76 eyes with final retinal reattachment (85.4%), and 59 eyes with ≥0.02 after surgery 3%). Conclusion The treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children is the best choice for scleral buckling. Vitrectomy, silicone oil as an intra-ocular fill gas has more advantages than the expansion of gas. Retinal incision is an effective method of retinal reattachment in severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy. However, the surgical object should be carefully selected.