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单侧三度唇裂(或唇腭裂)常伴有明显的鼻部畸形。这种鼻部畸形在患儿行唇裂修复时往往不能达到一期整复,原因是唇裂修复多在婴幼儿时施行,由于患儿年幼,鼻部尚在发育,不易施行广泛的鼻翼软骨整形手术。对鼻翼软骨的广泛分离和修整,据报道有可能影响鼻部的生长和发育,故单侧三度唇裂修复术后常伴有鼻部的继发畸形。单侧三度唇裂鼻部的畸形,是由于在胚胎第七周时,患侧上颌突与小球突未能达到预期的连合,造成或侧鼻底部的缺裂,而患侧鼻翼则附丽在上颌骨缺裂的门齿凹处。患侧上颌骨的不连合,在以后发育时则向外向后偏移,因而使患侧鼻翼也随之外展,并向下方塌陷,使患侧鼻孔扁平。由于鼻翼的外展,牵拉患侧鼻尖也向下前移位,使鼻小柱在患侧较健侧为短,因而使整个鼻尖部显得扁平而偏低(图1)。
Unilateral cleft lip (or cleft lip and palate) often accompanied by significant nasal deformities. This nasal deformity in children with cleft lip repair often can not reach a period of recovery, because cleft lip repair more in infants and young children, due to young children, the nose is still developing, not easy to implement a wide range of atrial cartilage surgery. Extensive separation and trimming of the alar cartilage is reported to have the potential to affect the growth and development of the nose and is therefore associated with secondary deformities of the nose following unilateral cleft lip repair. Unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity is due to the seventh week in the embryo, the ipsilateral maxillary process and pelvic process failed to achieve the desired commissure, resulting in or lateral nasal defect, while the affected side of the nose is attached to Li In the maxillary defect incisors dent. Ipsilateral maxillary nonunion, in the future when the development is backward outward migration, so that the affected side of the nose also will be outreach and collapse to the bottom, so that the ipsilateral nostrils flat. Due to the abduction of the nose, the affected nose is also displaced anteriorly, causing the columella to be shorter on the affected side than the contralateral side, making the entire nasal tip appear flat and low (Figure 1).