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目的:分析2009例藏族白内障手术患者的病因构成及相关因素。方法:收集2013年10月至2014年10月西藏自治区藏医院眼科2009例藏族白内障手术患者病例资料,按病因、年龄、性别、白内障类型、人工晶状体屈光度、文化程度、经济水平进行分类,运用统计学方法分析西藏地区藏族白内障患者发病特点。结果:2009例藏族白内障手术患者中,年龄相关性白内障1885眼(93.83%),核性白内障1197例(59.58%)。年龄2-89岁,平均年龄62.53岁,男1012眼(50.37%),女997眼(49.63%)。50-59岁年龄组的核性白内障患者比例明显高于40-49岁年龄组(P<0.01;80-89岁年龄组的核性白内障患者比例高于70-79岁年龄组(P<0.05)。根究Emery分级,50-59岁年龄组Ⅳ级白内障患者比例明显高于40-49岁年龄组(P<0.01);80-89岁年龄组Ⅳ级白内障患者比例明显高于70-79岁年龄组(P<0.05)。术前裸眼视力为0.02及0.02以下1688例(84.02%)。高度近视患者13例(0.65%),远视患者406例(20.21%)。农牧区患者1310例(65.21%),明显多于其他行业患者。结论:年龄相关性白内障仍是西藏地区藏族白内障患者的主要病因,以核性白内障为主要发病类型。随年龄增长,核性白内障患者越来越多,核硬度分级越来越高。患者主要来源于农牧区,多数术前视力差。高度近视发病率较其他地区发病率低,而远视发病率较高。
Objective: To analyze the causes and related factors of 2009 Tibetan patients with cataract surgery. Methods: The data of 2009 cases of Tibetan cataract surgery in Tibet ophthalmology department from October 2013 to October 2014 were collected and classified according to etiology, age, gender, cataract type, intraocular lens refractive power, educational level and economic level. Analysis of the incidence of Tibetan cataract patients in Tibet. Results: In 2009, there were 1885 eyes (93.83%) of age-related cataract and 1197 cases (59.58%) of cataract in Tibetan cataract surgery. Aged 2-89 years old, average age 62.53 years old, male 1012 (50.37%), female 997 (49.63%). The percentage of nuclear cataracts in the 50-59 age group was significantly higher than that in the 40-49 age group (P <0.01; the proportion of nuclear cataracts in the 80-89 age group was higher than in the 70-79 age group (P <0.05 Emery grading, the proportion of grade IV cataract patients in the 50-59 age group was significantly higher than that in the 40-49 age group (P <0.01); the proportion of grade IV cataract patients in the 80-89 age group was significantly higher than that of the 70-79 age group (P0.05) .The preoperative uncorrected visual acuity was 1688 (84.02%) in 0.02 and below 0.02, high myopia in 13 (0.65%) and hyperopia in 406 (20.21% 65.21%) were significantly higher than those in other industries.Conclusion: Age-related cataract is still the main cause of Tibetan cataract patients in Tibet, with nuclear cataract as the main type of disease.With age, more and more patients with nuclear cataracts, Nuclear hardness grading is higher and higher.Patients mainly come from farming and pastoral areas, most of the poor preoperative visual acuity.High incidence of myopia incidence is lower than other regions, while the higher incidence of hyperopia.