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为了揭示极端干旱区土壤水分蒸发与土壤质地、灌溉水水量水质的关系,为防护林节水灌溉以及优化灌溉制度提供支持,在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地进行了人工模拟蒸发实验,研究结果表明:土壤质地、灌溉水水量水质对土壤水分蒸发起到关键作用,相对于壤土及沙壤土,沙质土壤其土壤水分累积蒸发量较大,保水涵水能力弱;在灌溉水水量充足亦即充分供水条件下的土壤水分其累积蒸发量随时间呈线性变化,而非充分供水条件下为对数变化;同时土壤水分累积蒸发量随着灌溉水水量的增加而变大,各个处理的土壤水分累积蒸发量随着时间递增呈对数变化趋势;在一定范围内土壤水分累积蒸发量与灌溉水水质呈负相关,即灌溉水矿化度越高土壤水分累积蒸发量越小。
In order to reveal the relationship between soil moisture evaporation and soil texture and water quality of irrigation water in extreme arid region, and provide support for water-saving irrigation and water conservation in shelterbelts, artificial simulated evaporation experiments were conducted in the hinterland of Taklamakan Desert. The results showed that soil texture, Water quality Water quality plays a key role in soil water evaporation. Compared with loamy soil and sandy loam soil, sandy soil has a large amount of soil water evaporation and weak water retention and water harvesting capacity. When the irrigation water is sufficient, that is, the soil moisture under sufficient water supply The cumulative evaporation changed linearly with time, but not under the condition of adequate water supply. At the same time, the cumulative evaporation of soil water increased with the increase of irrigation water and water, and the accumulated soil water evaporation increased with time The trend of logarithm was logarithm; within a certain range, the cumulative evaporation of soil moisture was negatively correlated with the quality of irrigation water, that is, the higher the irrigation water salinity, the smaller the soil water evaporation.