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基于爱因斯坦质能关系提出的热质理论揭示了热量传递的本质,具有广泛的应用前景。对于电介质材料已经建立了完善的热质模型和普适导热定律,然而金属中电子是热量的主要载体,在超快速加热条件下存在电子和晶格之间的非平衡热传导,需要对平衡态的热质模型进行修正。本文提出了一种适用于金属材料的热质两步模型,并且建立了相应的普适导热定律,为实验研究超快速热量传递机制奠定了理论基础。
The heat theory based on Einstein’s mass-energy relationship reveals the essence of heat transfer and has a wide range of applications. For the dielectric material has established a perfect thermal model and the general law of heat conduction, but the metal in the metal is the main carrier of heat in the ultra-fast heating conditions exist between the electron and lattice non-equilibrium heat conduction, the need for equilibrium Thermal model to be amended. In this paper, a two-step model of heat and mass, which is suitable for metal materials, is proposed, and a corresponding universal heat conduction law is established, which lays a theoretical foundation for the experimental study of ultra-fast heat transfer mechanism.