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当前煤矿事故被追究刑事责任的主体通常有三类:直接从事生产作业的一线员工、公司管理者和行政监管者,并且三类主体的责任分配呈现三层“金字塔”结构分布,造成此结构的原因是综合的,它不是刑事处罚某一节点的问题,而是证据收集、主观罪过形式和犯罪过失类型等因素共同作用的结果。为有效减少责任事故的发生,应当转变责任主体结构,将三层“金字塔”结构转化为双心“圆形”结构,重新分配主体间的责任承担,才能够实现刑法的必定性,从根本上发挥刑罚对事故的预防作用。
At present, there are usually three types of subjects that criminal responsibility is being investigated for coal mine accidents: first-line workers, company managers and administrative supervisors who directly engage in production operations, and the distribution of responsibilities of the three types of parties presents a three-tier pyramid structure distribution The reason is comprehensive, it is not a matter of criminal punishment of a node, but the evidence collection, the form of subjective guilt and the type of criminal negligence and other factors result. In order to effectively reduce the occurrence of liability accidents, the structure of the main body of responsibility should be changed, the structure of the three-tier pyramid should be transformed into a double-circle structure and the responsibility of the main body should be redistributed so as to achieve the certainty of the criminal law , Fundamentally play a penalty for the prevention of accidents.