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目的:模拟并建立运动状态下股二头肌急性拉伤动物模型。方法:雄性SD大鼠30只,随机分为正常对照组和模型组,后者又依取材时间分为D0组、D3组、D7组和D14组,每组6只。采用电刺激使各模型组股二头肌强直收缩,同时以角速度960°s-1伸膝摆腿反向拉伸,建立股二头肌急性拉伤动物模型。各模型组于造模后3小时经肌肉超声诊断,确认拉伤程度;正常对照组在实验开始当天,D0组、D3组、D7组和D14组分别在相应时间(实验开始当天,第3、7、14天)进行在体力矩测试,测试结束后处死动物,分离股二头肌固定、切片、HE染色,光镜下观察股二头肌组织形态。结果:超声检查示,各模型组横断面损伤属于二度损伤,组间损伤比例无显著性差异(P>0.05)。正常对照组关节最大等长力矩值为(0.337±0.025)Nm,大鼠肌肉拉伤后即刻(D0组)下降至(0.246±0.026)Nm,D3组为(0.268±0.028)Nm,D7组为(0.303±0.024)Nm,与正常对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05),D14组基本恢复正常。正常对照组膝关节力矩最优角度为(130.00±3.54)°,D0组增大为(144.50±3.71)°,D14组减小为(120.00±3.53)°,与正常对照组比较均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。D0组股二头肌肌纤维有典型损伤改变,有肌纤维崩解、坏死,肌肉组织结构紊乱,肌纤维水肿变性,肌肉间隙大小不一。D7组肌纤维出现修复,但形态表现不成熟,排列不严整,大小不一。D14组肌纤维基本修复。结论:本实验成功地建立了高速运动状态下股二头肌急性拉伤动物模型。
Objective: To simulate and establish animal model of acute biceps femoris injury under exercise condition. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group and model group. The latter group was divided into D0 group, D3 group, D7 group and D14 group according to the drawing time, with 6 rats in each group. Electrical stimulation was used to make the biceps femoris ankylosingly contracted in each model group. At the same time, the biceps femoris was pulled in the opposite direction with the angular velocity of 960 ° s-1, and an animal model of acute biceps femoris injury was established. At the beginning of the experiment, D0, D3, D7 and D14 groups at the corresponding time (the day of the experiment, 7 and 14 days). The animals were sacrificed at the end of the test, and the biceps femoris was fixed and sectioned by HE staining. The morphology of biceps femoris was observed under light microscope. Results: Ultrasonography showed that the cross-sectional lesions in each model group were of second-degree damage, and there was no significant difference in the proportion of injury between groups (P> 0.05). The maximum isometric moment of the joint in the control group was (0.337 ± 0.025) Nm, while it decreased to (0.246 ± 0.026) Nm in the D0 group and (0.268 ± 0.028) Nm in the D3 group (0.303 ± 0.024) Nm, compared with the normal control group were significantly different (P <0.05), D14 group returned to normal. The optimal angle of the knee joint in the control group was (130.00 ± 3.54) °, in the D0 group (144.50 ± 3.71) ° and in the D14 group (120.00 ± 3.53) °, which were significantly different from those in the normal control group Difference (P <0.05). D0 group of biceps femoris muscle fibers have a typical change in injury, there are disintegration of muscle fibers, necrosis, muscle structural disorder, muscle fiber edema, muscle gap size. D7 muscle fibers appear repair, but the immature morphology, arrangement is not strict, different sizes. D14 group of basic muscle fiber repair. Conclusion: This experiment successfully established animal models of acute biceps femoris injury at high speed.